Muhammad Sabry, writing in 1930, resolved this ambiguity by effacing the "Turkish" nature of Muhammad `Alï's armies in the Sudan and identi- fying them as completely Egyptian. Sabry considers the invasion to have been an essential part of the walï's imperialistic ambitions; once the invasion was completed, he writes,"l'empire égyptien est, d'orès et déjà, constitué."

Eve M. Troutt Powell, A Different Shade of Coloni…, loc. 180