For example, Eric Hobs- bawm characterizes the response of the "dependent countries" as an effort to incorporate the model of the West: "For all governments and elites of countries faced with dependency or conquest, it had been clear for several decades that they had to westernize or go under." Even those who resisted British or French imperialism and the totalizing transformations of culture that westernization implied did so by "Westernizing to some extent."

Eve M. Troutt Powell, A Different Shade of Coloni…, loc. 76