Counterinsurgency doctrine forces civilians to be treated as suspects. [contrarian]
Either you consider a priori that every Arab, in the country, in the street, in a passing truck is innocent until he’s proven the contrary; and permit me to tell you that if that is your attitude … you will immediately be posted, because the parents of reservists one has had killed don’t like it, and will write to their deputies that you’re a butcher.… Or you will … consider that every Arab is a suspect, a possible fellagha … because that, my dear sir, is the truth.… But once you’re here, to pose yourself problems of conscience — and treat possible assassins as presumed innocents — that’s a luxury that costs dear, and costs men, dear sir, young men themselves also innocent, and our own.…
SEED: The moral trade-off between treating civilians as innocent versus safeguarding soldiers — a tension that recurs in any counterinsurgency or occupation context, worth mining for an essay on wartime ethics.
Horne, Alistair, A Savage War of Peace- Alge…, loc. 524