Had the Pasha died in 1820, he would have been fifty years old and he would have already secured for himself a distinguished place in the history of Egypt and of the Ottoman Empire. He would have been known as the longest serving Ottoman governor of the province of Egypt, one who had managed to make its economy more efficient and to improve the performance of its bureaucracy. He would also have secured for himself the reputation among Egyptians of being one of the most brutal of the Ottoman governors who, through monopolies and corvée, had pushed them to unprecedented levels of poverty and misery.

Builds on: "State monopolies on staples multiplied Egypt's revenue sixfold."

Khaled Fahmy, All the Pasha_s Men_ Mehmed…, loc. 73