While the framers disagreed about and hotly debated matters ranging from the breadth (or limits) of federal power to the sovereignty of the states, anti-Muslim animus was not a wedge issue. It was a matter that unified the fiercest rivals at the Constitutional Convention and beyond.

QUESTION: What specific provisions or statements in the Constitutional Convention reflected this shared anti-Muslim animus? Worth tracing the historical record.

Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Unde…, loc. 165