By pegging specific Muslim traditions, practices, and cultures, most notably Sunni Muslim populations, as prone to radicalization, the state is drawing clear economic, political, and sectarian divisions within the broader Muslim American population. Driven by clear articulations of the good and bad Muslim, CVE policing creates a landscape in which those who endorse CVE policing and partake in its programming as informants and collaborators are deemed good Muslims and good Americans, while those critical of it, and critical of structural Islamophobia at large, are not only perceived as bad Muslims, but more dangerously, are subjected to possible CVE policing.

XREF: Connects to broader security-counterterrorism scholarship on how state surveillance categorizes populations and produces citizenship hierarchies. Builds on: "Counterterror programs exploit sectarian divides among American Muslims."

Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Unde…, loc. 396