In August 2011, President Obama formally implemented CVE policing, which would become the primary counterterror surveillance program and the signature Islamophobic policy of his administration. CVE theory contends that through collaboration between DHS and local law enforcement, individuals suspected of becoming radicalized can be identified, persuaded from adopting a "radical" ideology, and prevented from taking terrorist action.

Builds on: "Counter-radicalization programs deputized local police as national security agents"

Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Unde…, loc. 376