Anticipating Ben Carson's 2015 claim that "Islam is inconsistent with the Constitution" and Louisiana governor Bobby Jindal's statement, that same year, that Muslim immigration is part of an attempt to "overtake the culture" of the West, the Hassan court's framing of Islam as threatening to American values and society carried the Muslim naturalization ban forward. Indeed, the very stereotypes instrumental to the courts' understanding of Islam have been echoed, in virtually identical terms, by today's Islamophobia-peddling politicians.

XREF: Connects historical court rulings on Muslim naturalization to modern political discourse around Islamophobia.

Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia_ Unde…, loc. 193