The quantitative, analytical skills that financial economists taught their students were certainly likely to be of practical benefit in their future employment. However, the relatively smooth institutionalization of finance theory within academia contrasts with an often quite different reaction to it outside universities. As financial-market practitioners gradually became aware of the views and the techniques that the theorists were developing, their response was frequently one of hostility, on occasion extreme hostility.

Donald MacKenzie, An Engine, Not a Camera, loc. 333