Michel Gallon's critic Daniel Miller argues that economic sociology and anthropology should "radically separate out the market as a ritual and ideological system constructed by economists and the actual practice of economies" (D. Miller 2002, p. 224). In the sections above, we have seen a range of performative effects of financial economics. They vary in importance and in the extent to which they approximate to strong, Barnesian performativity. Nevertheless, it is clear that in at least some contexts most obviously in the derivatives markets the radical separation called for by Miller is impossible. The economic theory of derivatives and the "actual practice" of derivatives markets are interwoven too intimately.

Donald MacKenzie, An Engine, Not a Camera, loc. 1182