In the nineteenth century sugar plantations sprang up throughout Cuba, sometimes staffed by exiles from Saint-Domingue, and worked by African slaves. The latter were imported into the colony in massive numbers: between 1790 and 1867 nearly as many were introduced to Cuba as had been imported to Saint-Domingue in the entire eighteenth century.

Dubois, Laurent, Avengers of the New World_ …, loc. 443