There was little peace in the years after independence. Dessalines's short reign ended with his assassination in 1806, and the young nation again found itself in a civil war pitting the south, under the command of Alexandre Pétion (who hosted a beleaguered Simón Bolívar, encouraging him to abolish slavery in his pursuit of independence in South America), against the north, ruled by Henri Christophe, who crowned himself king.

Dubois, Laurent, Avengers of the New World_ …, loc. 439