The portfolio in a financialized technology for measuring and disciplining living labour. In isolating and pitching their creative accomplishments, workers are made to render visible precisely those aspects of themselves that are irreplaceable, as well as to isolate only those risks they have taken that have been recognized and rewarded. The portfolio is, after all, a collection of things others have found valuable. If, to some degree, all creativity is about taking risks, the portfolio externalizes that risk onto the individual even as it submits risk’s benefits to investment.

Max Haiven, Cultures of Financialization, loc. 455