In Italy, the two major populist parties currently in power—one right-wing and the other center-left—advance different ideas regarding the optimal relationship between "native Italians" and Muslim minorities, but they still share a convergent prognosis by centering Muslim identity inside their political arena. And although Muslims represent less than 0.1 percent of Poland's entire population, we have seen that Islam and Muslims continue to increasingly feature in the country's political debates as well. Nearby in Hungary, Donald Trump's buddy (right-wing Prime Minister Viktor Orbán) and his conservative Fidesz Party have kept Muslim immigration on the top of Hungary's political agenda.

XREF: Connects to scholarship on moral panics and how marginal groups become central to political identity formation in Europe.

Arsalan Iftikhar, Fear of a Muslim Planet_ Gl…, loc. 559