Jamal Awil

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Mothers do unseen unpaid domestic labor despite outside employment. [fact]

It was her identity as a mother that drove her to become a sort of ambassador of Islam. In her studies on gender and work, Hochschild (2001; 2003) reveals that even when women are employed in the labor sector along with their husbands, they come home to do the unseen and unpaid labor of childcare, housework, and community service. As mothers, Muslim women were driven to make these spaces more inclusive for their families. They know the impact anti-Muslim sentiments can have on their children's lives growing up in America. They wanted to protect their children from this racialization.

XREF: Connects to Hochschild's "second shift" concept and broader feminist sociology literature on gendered household labor division.

Saher Selod, Forever Suspect_ Racialized…, loc. 403