Although Britons in India differed from Americans because of the active (if exaggerated) threat to their political order, both shared a conviction regarding two alleged qualities of Islam that made it a perennial menace: the proclivity of Muslims to spread their religion and to do so violently.

XREF: Connects to broader Western orientalist discourse and the shared colonial worldview between British and American imperial imagination despite their differing positions.

Carl W. Ernst, Islamophobia in America_ Th…, loc. 145