The crimes committed at Abu Ghraib and at other sites, despite their description as aberrations (“a few bad apples”), result from the historical continuities displayed in anti-Muslim discourse that features an imagery of horror and death.

XREF: Connects to broader literature on dehumanization and colonial violence, and to critiques of the 'bad apples' framing in institutional accountability.

Sophia Rose Arjana, Muslims in the Western Imag…, loc. 35