Jews and Muslims were jointly classified as infidels threatening Christian unity. [causal]
As Jeffrey Jerome Cohen puts it, “the classification of the Jews together with the Muslims” was one of the major “subsets in a larger genus of hermeneutically constructed infidels who undermined the unity of the Christian faith.” These ideas did not end with the onset of modernity, a point raised by some scholars of Orientalism and anti-Semitism, who have argued that the vilification of Jews and Muslims is a continuously related historical process. Without one, it is impossible to fully understand, or acknowledge, the other.
XREF: Connects to scholarship on Orientalism and the linked vilification of Jews and Muslims as a continuous historical process.
Sophia Rose Arjana, Muslims in the Western Imag…, loc. 98