When a schoolboy trips his fellow to make him fall and to get the other boys to laugh, he has certainly engaged in an eminently teleological act, an exploitation of natural occurrences by intellect and will; but one can hardly categorize it under the concept of culture!

DEFINE: Distinguishes purposive behavior (teleological) from culture, establishing a conceptual boundary that defines what properly counts as cultural.

DEFINE: Distinguishes purposeful/intentional action from culture, establishing that intentionality alone is insufficient for cultural standing.

Georg Simmel, on individuality and social…, loc. 548