Pamela Geller, co-founder of Stop Islamization of America (SIOA) and American Freedom Defense Initiative (AFDI), is part of the American counter-jihad movement. Her most well-known engagement with countering jihad is her New York City bus and subway ads that spread to Washington, DC as well as other U.S. cities. One ad read: “In any war between the civilized man and the savage, support the civilized man. Support Israel. Defeat jihad.” Another read: “Killing Jews is worship that draws us close to Allah. That’s His Jihad. What’s yours?” Next to this line was a picture of a man with a scarf covering his face.

Asena Karipek, Portrayals of Jihad, loc. 55