Modern jihadist movements trace their doctrines to medieval scholars. [causal]
Many contemporary fundamentalists were influenced by Ibn Taymiyya and Sayyid Qutb's perspectives on jihad. This is evident in the Wahhabi movement, founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab in the 18th century, who was greatly influenced by Ibn Taymiyya. The Wahhabi movement accepted Ibn Taymiyya's doctrines regarding jihad, such as labeling anyone not adhering to one's (i.e., the Wahhabis') particular interpretation of Islam an unbeliever. Ibn Taymiyya's doctrines about jihad are also accepted by ISIS, who strongly believe in the armed struggle aspect of jihad against non-Muslims and even Muslims who do not adhere to their interpretation of Islam.
XREF: Connects the theological lineage of Wahhabism and ISIS back to Ibn Taymiyya and Qutb's writings, showing a historical chain of influence worth exploring.
Asena Karipek, Portrayals of Jihad, loc. 71