The effect of this social capital outside the family on educational outcomes can be seen by examining outcomes for children whose parents differ in the particular source of social capital discussed earlier, intergenerational closure. There is not a direct measure of intergenerational closure in the data, but there is a proximate indicator. This is the number of times the child has changed schools because the family moved. For families that have moved often, the social relations that constitute social capital are broken at each move.

XREF: Connects to Coleman's concept of social capital and residential mobility research on child development outcomes.

Coleman, SocialCapitalCreation-1988, loc. 177