By that year, Page and Brin had a 56 percent majority vote, which they used to impose a new tri-class share structure, adding a “C” class of zero-voting-rights stock. As Bloomberg Businessweek observed, “The neutered ‘C’ shares ensure Page and Brin retain control far into the future.…” By 2017, Brin and Page controlled 83 percent of the super-voting-class “B” shares, which translated into 51 percent of the voting power.

Shoshana Zuboff, The Age of Surveillance Cap…, loc. 324