Journalists brought details of the NYPD's secret surveillance program to light in 2011. The news generated considerable criticism from Muslims and civil rights organizations, particularly regarding the program's overt reliance on racial and religious profiling. In the midst of the controversy, the chief of the NYPD intelligence division admitted that the program had not produced one criminal lead since its inception.

XREF: Connects to broader discussions of counterterrorism surveillance effectiveness versus civil liberties costs — a recurring theme in intelligence and policing literature. Builds on: "NYPD monitored Muslim gathering places named as radicalization incubators"

Green, Todd H, The Fear of Islam_ An Intro…, loc. 578