In May 2019, the French senate passed legislation banning mothers who wear the hijab, like Ibtissam, from accompanying their children during school events and trips. "The ban, proposed by the centre-right Republicans party, builds on an existing prohibition on the wearing of the garments in both primary and secondary schools." The new ban brands Muslim mothers as outcasts and undesirables in the minds of their sons and daughters, like Farah, who are trapped between the deeply politicized French classroom and their Islamic households.

Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamopho…, loc. 720