This was “structural,” or state-sponsored, Islamophobia: the enforcement, through law, policy, or formal state activity, of the presumption that Muslims were tied to terrorism.

DEFINE: Defines 'structural' or state-sponsored Islamophobia as distinct from interpersonal prejudice, grounding it in law, policy, and formal state activity.

Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamopho…, loc. 337