The War on Terror was never intended to be an exclusively American crusade. It was framed, at its very inception, as a “civilizational fight” by President Bush, and then peddled and promoted as such by the cabinet of hawks that steered his administration. Like most everything produced in America, the War on Terror was peddled globally—and pushed with the capitalistic zeal that distinguishes the United States. … It was then, and remains, a crusade in which the United States served as the front runner and enlisted nations to fight alongside it. Washington then managed a motley crew of nations keen on exploiting the War on Terror for their own political gain and for fundamentally domestic pursuits; local Muslims were both the practical means and the political menace to achieve those ends.

XREF: Connects to post-9/11 historical narratives about the 'Global War on Terror' framing and allied participation.

Khaled A. Beydoun, The New Crusades_ Islamopho…, loc. 285