7. A 1990 Carabinieri report differed slightly (Epoca, October 3, 1990). It lists 48 families in Palermo, both the city and the province, instead of 46; 38 in Agrigento instead of 36; 21 in Trapani instead of 14; 6 in Caltanisetta instead of 5; and 4 in Catania. This report also provides an estimate for Enna, a remote province in the interior, of 12 families, and identifies a few even in the provinces traditionally considered untouched by the mafia: 3 in Messina, 3 in Siracusa, and 7 in Ragusa. From the testimonies of the pentiti we know that these last groups are either subsidiaries of families based in other provinces or racketeers operating independently of mafia cartels.

Diego Gambetta, The Sicilian Mafia The Busi…, loc. 879