30. Contiguity does not necessarily imply that people moved only from the country to the cities in order to supply protection where profit opportunities were greater, as is often maintained (see, e.g., Ciuni 1977). Some observers have suggested the opposite, claiming that criminal associations spread from the coast inland (Alongi 1977; Lupo 1988: 474).

XREF: Challenges the common urban-migration narrative of organized crime growth, which parallels broader debates about rural-to-urban criminal movement versus coastal-to-inland diffusion.

Diego Gambetta, The Sicilian Mafia The Busi…, loc. 871