Corporations buy liability insurance protection for their officers and directors and bond their lesser employees. Brokerage firms, banks, and insurance companies must meet minimum reserve or net capital requirements; investors selling securities short must maintain margin accounts with their brokers. Those desirous of bank loans are usually required to put up collateral equivalent in value to the loan to protect creditors against default, while the banks that lend them the money take out insurance. Federally chartered banks contribute to the FDIC or FSLIC insurance funds as protection for depositors against bank failure, pension plan sponsors pay into the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation (PBGC), and many brokerage firms participate in the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) for the same reason.

Shapiro, Susan P., The Social Control of Imper…, loc. 106