Consider the condition of an outsider or new immigrant to a community. The outsider may initially seem untrustworthy to others in the community. This could follow merely from a guess, a judgment of that person as less likely to be trustworthy than those who are long well known. Until more knowledge of the newcomer's trustworthiness is generated, he or she is given fewer opportunities to demonstrate trustworthiness. Hence it may take depressingly long for the outsider to become trusted. Since, again, the combination of trusting and being trusted conveys benefits in various kinds of exchange and mutual aid, the outsider faces greater difficulties getting ahead and may begin to seem less able and worthy. Superficially, we might suppose a group that held off from trusting an outsider for a long time was prejudiced in a racist or related sense, although the rational expectations of the wary assessor of trustworthiness might be sufficient to explain the community's attitude.

Russell Hardin, Trust and Trustworthiness, loc. 583