Resources outside a game's listed payoffs can enable punishment. [causal]
The game as represented might not include all the relevant payoffs. For example, so long as he has the resources of his power over the military base and his standing in the local community, the lieutenant colonel has power to take vengeance on Trifonov if Trifonov cheats. When he was embarrassed by an unannounced audit and discovered that he would be replaced in office, however, he lost that power.
XREF: Connects to game theory's assumption that payoff matrices capture all relevant incentives, and how real-world power dynamics (like a commander's leverage over a military base) fall outside the formal model.
Russell Hardin, Trust and Trustworthiness, loc. 117