In the relative social stability of the preindustrial city, individuals learned about the manners appropriate to their category vis-a-vis other categories simply as a matter of course. Many of these were traditionally prescribed, and deviation (especially on the part of lower-status persons) was likely to be swiftly sanctioned (Sjoberg, 1960:125-26). In Tibetan cities in the past, as an example, "whenever the high political leaders mount or dismount from their horses, '. . . riders are to climb down and salute. Pedestrians should stand aside with their hats in their hands and their tongues hanging out' "

DEFINE: Clarifies how social etiquette functioned in preindustrial urban contexts, where manners were category-prescribed rather than learned casually.

Lyn H. Lofland, World of Strangers_ Order a…, loc. 644