The trend of urban history, I am suggesting, is away from appearential ordering and toward spatial ordering. The preindustrial city, characterized by mixed public space use and overt heterogeneity of populace, is the site of the dominance of appearential ordering. The modern city, with its specialized space use and masked heterogeneity of populace, is the site of the dominance of spatial ordering.

DEFINE: Introduces the distinction between appearential ordering (mixed public space, visible heterogeneity) and spatial ordering (specialized space, masked heterogeneity) as a framework for understanding urban transformation.

DEFINE: Defines the distinction between appearential ordering (preindustrial, mixed uses) and spatial ordering (modern, specialized uses).

Lyn H. Lofland, World of Strangers_ Order a…, loc. 144