There are two quite distinct criteria for judging the efficacy of an inspection system, or for designing the system itself. One is how well the system gets at the truth in spite of efforts to conceal it; the other is how well it helps one to reveal the truth convincingly when it is in his interest to do so. The difference is like that between a scheme for discovering the guilty and a scheme for permitting the innocent to establish innocence.

DEFINE: Distinguishes two distinct purposes of inspection systems: uncovering hidden truth versus presenting truth convincingly, using the guilt-versus-innocence framing.

Thomas C. Schelling, The Strategy of Conflict, loc. 566